Authors: Ketter TA and Calabrese JR. 
Title: Stabilization of mood from below versus above baseline in bipolar disorder: a new nomenclature.
Reference: J Clin Psychiatry 2002;63:146-51.
Purpose: To reconceptulalize bipolar disorder and to emphasize the need to develop mood stabilizers that act from below baseline.
Treatment: Lithium, divalproex, lamotrigine, carbamazepine, ECT, atypical antipsychotics and antidepressants were all discussed in relation to the proposed nomenclature.
Results: The efficacy of mood stabilizers to treat either mania/hypomania or depression was emphasized. The nomenclature developed show that there are several options to stabilize from above baseline, but few to stabilize from below. This emphasizes the need to develop mood stabilizers that possess the ability to stabilize mood from below baseline either alone or in combination with other drugs.